Surprisingly, the recorded death toll was relatively low, with official figures listing only six verified deaths. However, historians believe the actual death toll was likely higher but underreported, especially among the poor and undocumented.

Thousands of Londoners were rendered homeless overnight, losing all their possessions. The fire displaced approximately 70,000 people—about a quarter of the city’s population at the time.

The chaos caused widespread panic, with people carrying what little they could salvage and fleeing the burning city. The city’s authorities set up relief centers and temporary housing outside the city walls, but the scale of destruction and displacement overwhelmed efforts.

The Response: Firefighting and Government Action

The firefighting techniques of the time were rudimentary. The primary method to stop a fire was to create firebreaks by demolishing houses to halt the fire’s advance. However, property owners often resisted demolition due to fear of losing their homes and livelihoods.

King Charles II took a personal interest in the firefighting effort, reportedly assisting in coordinating demolitions and relief efforts. He ordered the army to help clear streets and create firebreaks, which finally helped to contain the fire by September 6.

The government quickly moved to establish relief measures for victims. Donations poured in from around the country, and charitable institutions provided aid. shutdown123